11 // Desecration of pure objects

Rule 143 – If a pure object comes into contact with a bad one (or with another defiled object), then, if one of them is damp, the pure object will become defiled. If the clean and spalled objects are dry, or the degree of their humidity is low, then the clean object will not be defiled. If any object comes into contact with the corpse of a person who has not yet undergone extensive ablution, then according to the mandatory measure, it is necessary to avoid this object.

Rule 144 – If a person doubts whether two objects have come into contact, one of which is impure or not, or whether they were wet or not, then the clean object will not become impure.

Rule 145 – Sometimes a part of a carpet or garment becomes defiled, but one does not know which part has become defiled. If in such a case a person’s hand touches this part, then his hand will not become defiled. Sometimes a person knows for sure that one of two objects is defiled, but does not know which one. In this case, the collision of something with these two objects does not become the cause of its defilement.

Proposition 146 – If moisture is present on a piece of earth, matter, or other object, and it comes into contact with a bad one, only the wet part of the object will be defiled, while the rest of it will remain pure. Except for cases when there will be so much moisture that it will cover other parts of the object. The same applies to cucumbers, melons, yogurts and similar products. If there is no flowing liquid in them, then only that part of them that came into contact with the bad will become dirty.

Rule 147 – If some of the liquid butter and syrup comes into contact with the bad, the whole butter and syrup will become tainted. If they are in a solid state, then only that part that came into contact with the bad will become defiled, and which can then be removed.

Ruling 148 – If a fly or other insect sits on a wet impure object or on a wet spittle object and then sits on a clean object, it will not become defiled, as there is a possibility that the insect’s legs have not absorbed the moisture. But if a person is convinced that an insect has transferred the moisture of impurity to a clean object, and the object has absorbed the moisture, then he will become defiled.

Rule 149 – If sweat is present on a person’s body and a given sweaty place becomes defiled, then those parts of the body to which the sweat flows will also become defiled.

Rule 150 – If the sputum coming from the larynx or nose is thick and blood is present in it, then only the part of the sputum in which the blood is present is impure. If the sputum is liquid, it will become completely defiled.

Rule 151 – If a vessel with water, in the bottom of which there is a hole, is placed on defiled ground, then the water in the jug is not defiled if it flows out of the hole with pressure.

Rule 152 – If a needle or similar object is inserted into the body of a person or an animal and it comes into contact with blood, then according to the obligatory measure, it will be defiled, even if no blood can be seen on it after its removal. The same applies to saliva and nasal phlegm. If they come into contact with blood in the inner cavity of the mouth or nose, then according to the mandatory measures, they should be avoided.

Rule 153 – If any object becomes defiled by contact with a bad one (for example, a hand in contact with urine), and in a wet state comes into contact with another object, the second object also becomes defiled.

Provisions on impurity

Rule 154 – First: It is forbidden to eat and drink unclean and defiled objects. It is also forbidden to feed and drink other people’s filth, for example, to drink alcoholic beverages to a child. According to a mandatory measure, it is necessary to avoid feeding a child with contaminated food. If the child’s food becomes dirty as a result of defiling his hands, then feeding the child with this food is not prohibited.

Regulation 155 – The sale and letting for temporary use of impure objects is not prohibited, and the seller does not have to inform the buyer about the defilement of the object being sold. However, if the seller knows that the buyer uses this item for food or to perform prayer, etc., then according to the mandatory measure, he must inform the buyer about the defilement of the goods. The same applies to cases where the item becomes dirty during its stay with the temporary user, upon its return, he must inform the owner of the item.

Ruling 156 – If a person sees that someone is eating impure food or praying in impure clothes without knowing it, then it is not necessary for the person to inform him about it. However, if the owner of the house sees that his guest sat down on a dirty carpet or chair in wet clothes or with a wet body, then according to mandatory measures, he must inform the guest.

Regulation 157 – If the owner of the house realizes during the consumption of food that it is defiled, then according to the mandatory measure, he must inform his guests about the contamination of the food. If one of the guests understands this, then he does not have to tell the others about it, but he himself will not eat this food