Thus, before giving a brief account of Arabia during the period of prophethood, I will note that this time Allah sent His prophet and His last Sharia to the ignorant and wild people of the world, or to be more precise, He chose the last prophet from among such people, and they were the first, to whom sent the last Shariat and the last divine revelation. For people who worship inanimate deities, for those who are ignorant and wild, but at the same time love literature and poetry, the last heavenly Book was a real miracle. But at the same time, they accepted the Islamic religion with difficulty, showed great perseverance, because they are at the head of the people, although they knew the correctness of the new religion, it was a serious threat to their material condition. To prove these characteristics of these ignorant and wild people, it is enough to cite a very famous example. So, forgetting that once their mothers were also someone’s daughters, they hated their daughters, they buried them alive, considering it valor and courage. They were ignorant, because they did not understand that they once appeared in the world thanks to their mother, a former girl, that the human race continues thanks to today’s girls, tomorrow’s mothers. They were savages because they buried a small child alive. It was among such people that the Prophet of Islam began to preach what was given to him. One can now easily understand all the complexity of inviting ignorant and wild people who worship many deities to monotheism, to knowledge, morality, to call for boundless love for children of those who buried their children alive. There is a great lesson in the fact that the Prophet received the good news of a daughter, and his lineage was continued with the help of Fatimah Zahra. Allah also gave His messenger a girl, the family and religion continued with their help…
The spread of Islam, bringing to people this divine light, the way of salvation happened in very difficult conditions, with great difficulties due to the Prophet and his few followers. The spread and development of the Islamic religion took place thanks to the martyrdom of hundreds of believers, imprisonment, hunger and thirst, deprivation of a roof and property. Islam spread, got on its feet thanks to Ammar Yasir, endured the murder of her parents before her eyes, Khadijah Kubra, who was once one of the richest people in Mecca, and after being expelled from her native places for accepting Islam and remained in the Abu Talib valley without food and drink, Muslims , forced to leave their homeland. Finally, the Prophet himself left Mecca and created a divine, religious state in Medina. The Islamic caliphate was created on the basis of the last divine revelation, the basic law of our religion, the Koran, and entirely on the basis of the religious and state provisions of Islam. This was the most important step in strengthening and developing Islam. This reduced the threat of the disappearance of Islam, wider opportunities for the practical development of the religion appeared. The Islamic caliphate was a state governed by Islamic law. Thus, the prophet was able to show the example of Islam, the Islamic caliphate was such an example.
The crisis after the death of the Prophet was expected, he himself felt this danger, but unfortunately, ordinary Muslims, the constituents of the strength of Islam, could not understand the importance of this issue. Naturally, such ignorant and wild people accepted Islam within a short time, but they could not understand all the nuances and problems related to tomorrow. Despite the fact that the Prophet knew about the cunning, hypocrisy of some people among the Muslims, even in his environment, he saw their inner hopes, he could not punish them in terms of their external behavior. But he knew that at the first opportunity these people are ready to use religion and Muslims in their interests. Therefore, he managed to take only precautionary steps. But yesterday’s ignoramuses and savages could not understand these steps properly, they did not understand their essence. An example of this is the Ghadir Khum event. This event was a divine will, an indication of the Koran. The Prophet proved this instruction
and to thousands of people, but when the time came, no one, with the exception of a few people, helped in the realization of the divine will. They loved Allah, and the Koran, and the Prophet, and Ali, but they simply could not comprehend the importance of the question. It was from this that a crisis began after the death of the Prophet, the cause of which was the indifference of Muslims to the Ghadir Khum event. If what the Prophet said at Ghadir Khum had been put into practice, Islam and Muslims would have been able to avoid the crisis that continues to this day. The event of Ghadir Khum meant consistency and protection of Islam. This event also means that Islam consists not only of the Qur’an but also of the Hadith, that the Qur’an is equated with the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet. With the event of Ghadir Khum, the Prophet appointed after him not only the spiritual leader, but also the head of the Islamic caliphate, this meant the definition of the imamate and the divine path of blameless imams. The event of Ghadir Khum means the guardianship of Muslims, the protection of the religion after the Prophet. This is precisely the task of the immaculate imams. The task of the imams was to preserve Islam, and preserving the religion was as important as its revelation. Such a divine mission rested on the imams. Therefore, in order to draw correct conclusions from their actions, one should consider their lives not separately, but as one long life. They fulfilled their mission sometimes by being close to the caliphs and correcting their mistakes, sometimes they made peace with criminals, sometimes they raised rebellions, sometimes they engaged in enlightenment, sometimes they became the successors of the caliphs, and sometimes they went into hiding.
It is not a secret for anyone how important role Imam Ali played in the protection of Islam during the Rashidite caliphate period. The responsibility for saving the religion from the crisis that arose after the death of the Prophet, for its protection, rested on Ali ibn Abu Talib, since he was the imam. And precisely for the purpose of protecting Islam, during the reign of the previous three caliphs, he corrected their mistakes, sometimes even defended them. For example, in order to protect the third caliph Osman from terror, he tried to prevent it together with his sons. Because, despite the fact that the event of Ghadir Khum was forgotten, the caliphs headed the Islamic caliphate and outwardly followed Islam. In such a situation, Ali defended the religion, he suffered with sorrow the injustice to his person, the misfortune of the daughter of the Prophet, because the Islamic religion could face the danger of destruction and disappearance. Ali did everything he could to preserve the Qur’an, the Sunnah of the Prophet, the Islamic Caliphate, the State of the Prophet, associated with this religion, and thus protected Islam. Finally, when Ali’s right was restored after many years, when he became the caliph, he was very patient because his main goal was to protect Islam. Because even after the Prophet, the enemies of Islam wanted to wipe the Islamic religion from the face of the earth: the rapid spread of Islam, monotheism at all times was the cause of the hostility of the opposing side. Hassan ibn Ali, who ruled for a very short period of time, should be added to the Rashidite caliphs. The situation developed in such a way that Imam Hassan made peace with Muawiya, the son of Abu Sufyan, a representative of the Amavit dynasty, who declared himself a caliph even during the tenure of Imam Ali and did not submit to the Islamic caliphate, and temporarily transferred the caliphate to him. The purpose of Imam Hasan, who was forced to leave this world, was to protect the religion, because the only way to save the religion at this critical moment was to sign the world. Had it not been for this peace treaty, Muawiya would have completely destroyed the religion of Muhammad, as the true Muslims had become very weak. In fact, with this peace treaty we have already reached Ashura, because this peace treaty was the beginning of the Ashura rebellion. In fact, one of the reasons for the poisoning and killing of Imam Hassan by Muawiyah’s spies was his preparation for the uprising. It’s just that Muawiya partially complied with the requirements of Islam in his actions and behavior, thereby delaying the beginning of this rebellion: Muawiya managed to hide his true face and not advertise it. He knew that one day he would make a mistake and Imam Hasan would announce this mistake to the whole world, show Muslims that he is a liar and an enemy of Islam in Islamic clothing, that he seized the Islamic Caliphate, and then would rise against it. Because when religion is in danger, when all other roads are blocked, an innocent imam will sacrifice even his own life, but save Islam.
Events from the time of Imam Hasan’s death to the caliphate of Yezid, from a historical point of view, are of great importance and are connected with the uprising of Imam Hussein. As already mentioned, after making peace with Muawiyah, Imam Hasan handed over the caliphate to him for the time being, because to engage in battle with him and become a martyr meant the end of Islam. It was practically impossible to prove to the world and Muslims the heresy of Muawiya, his enmity with religion. Muawiya achieved this by trickery, he did not expose himself to the Muslims like Yazid. Muawiyah outwardly adhered to religion, he knew that otherwise he would face ruin. Yazid no longer saw the need to follow Islam, even outwardly, because he considered himself all-powerful. Therefore, after signing peace with Imam Hasan, Muawiya actually lost, because he went to war with Imam Hasan, who had been betrayed by that time and who remained surrounded by a few