4 // Purification Types of water

Rule 21 – In Muslim religious practice, water is of two types: either “mudaf” (Impurified water) or “mutlyak” (pure water). Mudaf water is a liquid that cannot be called water, such as fruit juices, broth, or water mixed with salt, dirt, etc. And “mutlyak” water is the same water that people, without any conditions or restrictions, call water.

Provision 22 – “Mutlyak” water, in turn, is divided into five types, each of which has its own characteristics.

First: Water with a volume of 384 liters or more (“chicken” water).

Second: Water whose volume is less than 384 liters (Kalil water).

Third: Flowing water and water in pipelines.

Fourth: Rainwater.

Fifth: Spring water.

All types of “mutlyak” water are clean and purifiers of impurity (najis). While mudaf water is not a purifier of impurity, moreover, when it comes into contact with bad water, mudaf itself becomes defiled.

1 – Chicken water

Rule 23 – In accordance with the obligatory cautionary water, “chickens” is water that fills a container whose length, width, and height are 3.5 cubits. Or in other words, water weighing 384 kilograms (384 liters) or more.

Rule 24 – If an impurity, such as urine or blood, enters the water of more than 384 liters, it will not become defiled, as long as its color, smell or taste does not change.

Rule 25 – If any defiled articles (such as soiled clothes or dishes) are washed once in more than 384 liters of water, they will become clean.

Ruling 26 – If the water of more than 384 liters is changed in color, smell or taste by something that is not bad from the point of view of Shari’ah, then it will not become defiled. But it will be better if a Muslim refrains from using such water.

Rule 27 – If an impurity (for example, blood) enters water whose volume exceeds 384 liters and changes the color, smell or taste of a part of the water, while the volume of the rest of the water continues to correspond to 384 liters, then only that part of the water into which it has become defiled got dirty. If the filth changes all the water, then all of it will become defiled.

Proposition 28 – If a spitted object is placed under a faucet connected to a water volume of 384 liters, then the water flowing from this object will be clean. Except for cases when it absorbs the color, smell or taste of impurity.

Rule 29 – If a person doubts whether the volume of water, the amount of which was equal to 384 liters, has decreased or not, then it continues to be considered “chicken” water. Conversely, if he has a doubt whether the volume of water, the amount of which was less than 384 liters, has increased or not, then it is not considered “chicken” water.

Proposition 30 – There are two ways to determine whether the volume of water is 384 liters or not: First: The person himself is convinced that the volume of water is 384 liters; Second: Certificate of at least one fair person.

2 – Kalil water

Rule 31 – “Kalil” water is water that does not come out of the ground, and the volume of which is less than the volume of “chicken” water (That is, less than 384 liters).

Clause 32 – According to the mandatory measure, if the impurity gets into water with a volume of less than 384 liters, then this water becomes defiled. But if water with a volume of less than 384 liters is poured on the unclean, then only that part of it that came into contact with the unclean will be defiled. If water with a volume of less than 384 liters is under pressure (for example, in the form of a fountain) hitting from the bottom up and collides with a bad one, then the lower part of the fountain jet will remain intact.

Rule 33 – If a spitted object is washed in clean water, the volume of which is less than 384 liters, then it will become clean (if the conditions are met, which will be discussed later). But the water that separated after washing is defiled. Except for cases when the ureter or anus was washed with water with a volume of less than 384 liters. In this case, the water remains intact if five conditions are met:

First: The water must not absorb the color, smell or taste of the impurity.

Second: Foreign dirt should not get into the water from the outside.

Third: When cleaning the urethra or anus, no other impurity should be present (for example, when blood is released with the feces).

Fourth: According to a mandatory measure, small particles of feces should not be present in the water.

Fifth: Impurity should not contaminate a larger than usual area around the anus.

But it is necessary to remind that water, with a volume of less than 384 liters, after cleaning the urethral or anus opening, remains intact in the sense that if its drops and splashes fall on clothes or the body, then it is not necessary to clean them. But it is impossible to use this water for other purposes, for example, for performing ritual washing.